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If you arrive at a convention hotel without a booking in the middle of an exhibition and there is a room available, you will be paying more than the regular tariff. On the other hand, many inner-city hotels that rely on business travellers have cheap weekend rates on Saturday nights designed to attract customers who would not be interested in staying otherwise.
The hotel industry has long been aware that customer demand for its product varies, depending on the time and day. As a result, hotel tariffs, which are designed to maximise both revenue and occupancy rates by pricing along customer-demand curves, change. In a nutshell, this is "price optimisation" - adjusting price according to the customer's willingness to pay, or demand-side pricing. The same is true of the airline industry: it is rare to sit next to someone on a plane who has paid the same price as you.

CRM stands for Customer Relationship Management. It is a strategy used to learn more about customers' needs and behaviors in order to develop stronger relationships with them. Good customer relationships are at the heart of business success. There are many technological components to CRM, but thinking about CRM in primarily technological terms is a mistake. The more useful way to think about CRM is as a strategic process that will help you better understand your customers’ needs and how you can meet those needs and enhance your bottom line at the same time. This strategy depends on bringing together lots of pieces of information about customers and market trends so you can sell and market your products and services more effectively.
What is the goal of CRM?

Supply chain management (SCM) is the combination of art and science that goes into improving the way your company finds the raw components it needs to make a product or service and deliver it to customers. The following are five basic components of SCM
1. Plan – This is the strategic portion of SCM. You need a strategy for managing all the resources that go toward meeting customer demand for your product or service. A big piece of planning is developing a set of metrics to monitor the supply chain so that it is efficient, costs less and delivers high quality and value to customers.